The process of reconfiguration of the movement of settlers (1973-1993): Eradication, socio-political exclusion and new forms of organization

Abstract

This article makes a compression of the historical evolution of the movement of settlers in Chile, within the historical framework of the military
dictatorship and the beginnings of the post-dictatorship. A reconfiguration of the social movement originated in the mid-twentieth century is
visualized, in relation to the reconstruction of the social fabric due to the high repression of the military regime. Likewise, once the dictatorship was
institutionalized in the 80’s, a second process of social and political exclusion is identified, after the spatial eradication of its community networks
and the political abandonment resulting from the organic mechanisms of exit to the dictatorship. Consequently, a reconfiguration of the movement
of settlers is observed, based on the case of the Andean Esperanza Camp in Peñalolén, establishing community networks and a distancing from
the institutional partisan politics, constituting a new Chilean social reality in the process of democratic reopening and neo-liberal consolidation
of the post-dictatorship in the 90s.